| Selfreport on 10 questions: During the past few weeks, did you ever feel ....? (yes/no) A Particularly exited or interested in something? B So restless that you couldn't sit long in a chair? C Proud because someone complimented you on something you had done? D Very lonely or remote from other people? E Pleased about having accomplished something? F Bored? G On top of the world? H Depressed or very unhappy? I That things were going your way? J Upset because someone criticized you? Answer options and scoring: yes = 1 no = 0 Summation: -Positive Affect Score (PAS): A+C+E+G+I -Negative Affect Score (NAS): B+D+F+H+J -Affect Balance Score (ABS): PAS minus NAS Possible range: -5 to +5 Name: Bradburn's 'Affect Balance Scale' (standard version) | |
| Classification | |
| Focus, A-BB | Affect: Balance (Bradburn's 10 item inde |
| Time frame, cm | last month, last few weeks |
| Mode, mq | multiple questions |
| Scale type, v | verbal scale Range = 2 |
| Used in studies | |
| Reference | Andrews & Withey (1976): study US 1972 11b |
| Title | Social Indicators of Well-Being. Americans Perceptions of Life Quality. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, USA, 1972/11 |
| Reference | Bradburn (1969): study US 1963 1 |
| Title | The Structure of Psychological Well-Being. |
| Public | 21-60 aged, urban areas, USA, 1963 - 64 |
| Reference | Briscoe (1982): study GB 1977 |
| Title | Sex Differences in Psychological Well-Being. |
| Public | Married couples with high incidence of minor psychiatric problems, London, U.K., 1977 |
| Reference | Campbell (1981): study US 1978 2 |
| Title | The Sense of Well-Being in America. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, USA, 1978 |
| Reference | Charles et al. (2001): study US 1971 |
| Title | Age - Related Differences and Change in Postive and Negative Affect over 23 Years. |
| Public | 4 generations of family members, Los Angeles USA, followed 23 years, 1971-1994 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study AR 1991 5 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Argentina, 1991 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study AT 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Austria, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study AU 1983 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Australia, 1983 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study BE 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Belgium, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study BE 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Belgium, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study BR 1991 9 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Brazil, 1991 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study BY 1984 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Belarus, 1984 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study BY 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Belarus, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study CA 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Canada, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study CA 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Canada, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study CL 1990 5 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Chile , 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study CN 1990 5 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, China, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study DK 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Denmark, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study DK 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Denmark, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study EE 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Estonia, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study ES 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Spain, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study ES 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Spain, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study FI 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Finland, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study FR 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, France, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study FR 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, France, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study GB 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study GB 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study HU 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Hungary, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study HU 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Hungary, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study IE 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Ireland, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study IE 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Ireland, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study IN 1990 5 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, India, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study IS 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Iceland, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study IS 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Iceland, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study IT 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Italy, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study IT 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Italy, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study JP 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Japan, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study JP 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Japan, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study LT 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Lithuania, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study LV 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Latvia, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study MX 1981 3 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Mexico, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study MX 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Mexico, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study NG 1990 5 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study NL 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study NL 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study NO 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Norway, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study NO 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Norway, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study PL 1989 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Poland, 1989 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study PT 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Portugal, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study RO 1993 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Romania, 1993 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study RU 1991 1 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Russia, 1991 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study RU 1998 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, Russia, 1998 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study RU 1999 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, Russia, 1999 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study SE 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Sweden, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study SE 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Sweden, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study SI 1992 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 1992 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study TR 1990 91 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Turkey, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study US 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, United States, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study US 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, United States, 1990 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study XZ Germany West 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study ZA 1981 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, South Africa, 1981 |
| Reference | Cummins et al. (2003): study ZA 1990 |
| Title | Australian Unity Wellbeing Index. Survey 6, Report 6.0. The Wellbeing of Australians. Impact of the Impending Iraq War. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, South Africa, 1990 |
| Reference | Czapinski & Peeters (1989): study ZZ Various nation sets 1985 |
| Title | Life Satisfaction and Well-Being among Poles and Belgians: A Preliminary Verification of "Onion" Theory of Happiness. |
| Public | 25+ aged, Belgium and Poland, 198? |
| Reference | Diener et al. (2000): study ZZ World samples 1990 |
| Title | Similarity of the Relation between Marital Status and Subjective Well-Being across Cultures. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, 43 nations 1990-1992 |
| Reference | Duckitt (1982): study ZA 1980 |
| Title | Social Integration and Psychological Well-Being: A Study of Elderly Persons living in the Inner-City Area of Pretoria. |
| Public | 65-90 aged whites Pretoria, South Africa, 198? |
| Reference | Fogarty (1985): study GB 1981 |
| Title | British Attitudes to Work. |
| Public | Adults, general public, Britain, 1981 |
| Reference | Francis & Bolger (1994): study GB 1990 |
| Title | Personality and Psychological Well-Being in Later Life. |
| Public | 55-85 aged retired civil servants, UK, 1990 |
| Reference | Garber (1971): study US California 1970 8 |
| Title | Retired Soldiers in Second Careers: Self-Assessed Change, Reference Group Salience, and Psychological Well-Being. |
| Public | Middle-aged, presently employed army retirees, California, USA, 1970 |
| Reference | Gerard (1985): study GB 1981 |
| Title | Values and Voluntary Work. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Great Britain, 1981 |
| Reference | Goldberg et al. (1979): study US 1971 |
| Title | Depressed Mood and Subsequent Physical Illness. |
| Public | 18+ aged, died within 1-4 years and matched controls, USA, 1971-76 |
| Reference | Graney & Graney (1973): study US 1971 |
| Title | Scaling Adjustment in Older People. |
| Public | 62-89 aged females, USA, 1971 |
| Reference | Graney (1973): study US 1967 |
| Title | The Affect Balance Scale and Old Age. |
| Public | 62-89 aged females, followed 4 years USA, 1967-71 |
| Reference | Graney (1975): study US 1967 |
| Title | Happiness and Social Participation in Aging. |
| Public | 62-89 aged females, followed 4 years, USA, 1967-71 |
| Reference | Hall (1976): study GB 1971 10-11 |
| Title | Subjective Measures of Quality of Life in Britain, 1971 to 1975: Some Developments and Trends. |
| Public | Adults, general public, Great Britain, 1971-1975 |
| Reference | Hall (1976): study GB 1975 3-5 |
| Title | Subjective Measures of Quality of Life in Britain, 1971 to 1975: Some Developments and Trends. |
| Public | Adults, general public, urban areas, United Kingdom, 1975 |
| Reference | Halman et al. (1987): study GB Northern Ireland 1981 |
| Title | Traditie, Secularisatie en Individualisering. (Tradition, Secularization and Individualisation- a Study into the Values of the Dutch within a European Context |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom, 1981 |
| Reference | Halman et al. (1987): study ZZ EU 10 1981 |
| Title | Traditie, Secularisatie en Individualisering. (Tradition, Secularization and Individualisation- a Study into the Values of the Dutch within a European Context |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, EU 10, 1981 |
| Reference | Halman et al. (1987): study ZZ EU 10 1981 spring a |
| Title | Traditie, Secularisatie en Individualisering. (Tradition, Secularization and Individualisation- a Study into the Values of the Dutch within a European Context |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, EU 10 nations, 1981 |
| Reference | Halman et al. (1987): study ZZ EU 10 1981 spring b |
| Title | Traditie, Secularisatie en Individualisering. (Tradition, Secularization and Individualisation- a Study into the Values of the Dutch within a European Context |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, EU 10 nations, 1981 |
| Reference | Harding (1982): study GB 1975 |
| Title | Psychological Well-Being in Great Britain: An Evaluation of the Bradburn Affect Balance Scale. |
| Public | Adults, general public, urban areas, Great-Britain, 1975 |
| Reference | Harding (1985): study GB 1981 |
| Title | Values and the Nature of Psychological Well-Being. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Great Britain, 1983 |
| Reference | Headey & Wearing (1981): study AU 1978 3 |
| Title | Australians' Priorities, Satisfaction and Well-Being. |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, Australia, 1978 |
| Reference | Headey (1981): study AU 1978 3 |
| Title | The Quality of Life in Australia. |
| Public | Adults, general public, Australia, 1978 |
| Reference | Headey et al. (1993): study AU AU Victoria 1981 |
| Title | Dimensions of Mental Health: Life Satisfaction, Positive Affect, Anxiety and Depression. |
| Public | 18-65 aged, Victoria, Australia, followed 1981 to 1987 |
| Reference | Hébert et al. (2007): study CA Quebec 2006 |
| Title | Le Programme "Apprendre à être Mieux...et Mieux Aider" à l' Intention des Aidants Familiaux d'un Parent atteint de Démence vivant à Domicile. (The Programme "Learning to Feel Better"...and Care Better). |
| Public | Family caregivers followed before and after stress coping programme, Canada, Quebec, 2006 |
| Reference | Kammann & Flett (1983): study NZ 1980 b |
| Title | Sourcebook for Measuring Well-Being with Affectometer 2. |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Dunedin, New Zealand, 198? |
| Reference | Kozma & Stones (1980): study CA 1975 a |
| Title | The Measurement of Happiness: Development of the Measurement of Happiness: Development of the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness (M.U.N.S.H.). |
| Public | 65-95 aged, New Foundland, Canada, 197? |
| Reference | Lepper (1998): study US California 1993 |
| Title | Use of Other-Reports to Validate Subjective Well-Being Measures. |
| Public | Retirees, Southern California, USA, followed 9 months199? |
| Reference | Lewis (1972): study US 1967 |
| Title | Actual and Perceived Age Differences in Self-Concept and Psychological Well-Being for Catholic Sisters. |
| Public | 24-75 aged Catholic sisters, Eastern USA. 196? |
| Reference | McCrae & Costa (1991): study US Baltimore County, Maryland 1979 |
| Title | Adding 'Liebe und Arbeit': The Full Five Factor Model and Well-Being. |
| Public | Single males and couples Baltimore USA, followed 7 years, 1979-86 |
| Reference | Noelle-Neumann (1977): study XZ Germany West 1973 |
| Title | Politik und Glück. (Politics and Happiness). |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, Germany-West (former), 1973 |
| Reference | Noll & Zapf (1991): study DE East Germany 1990 |
| Title | Wohlfahrtssurvey 'Ost' 1990, Machinenlesbares Codebuch (Welfare survey 'East' 1990, code book) |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, East-Germany, Germany, 1990 |
| Reference | Noll & Zapf (1991): study DE West Germany 1990 |
| Title | Wohlfahrtssurvey 'Ost' 1990, Machinenlesbares Codebuch (Welfare survey 'East' 1990, code book) |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, West-Germany region, Germany, 1990 |
| Reference | Noll (1993): study DE East Germany 1990 5 |
| Title | Lebensbedingungen in der EG gleichen sich nur langsam an. (Slow Leveling of Living Conditions in the EC). |
| Public | 18+ aged age range not reported, general public, East-Germany, Germany, 1990 |
| Reference | Noll (1993): study DE West Germany 1990 5 |
| Title | Lebensbedingungen in der EG gleichen sich nur langsam an. (Slow Leveling of Living Conditions in the EC). |
| Public | Adults, age range not reported, general public, West-Germany, Germany, 1990 |
| Reference | Palisi (1986): study US 1977 |
| Title | Friendship in Three Metropolitan Areas: Cross-Cultural Evidence of its Voluntariness. |
| Public | Males, metropolitan areas: London, Los Angeles and Sydney, 1977-80 |
| Reference | Parry & Warr (1980): study GB 1975 |
| Title | The Measurement of Mothers' Work Attitudes. |
| Public | Working class mothers with children under 14, UK, 1975 |
| Reference | Phillips (1967): study US NewHampshire 1962 a |
| Title | Social Participation and Happiness. |
| Public | 21+ aged, general public, New Hampshire, USA, 196? |
| Reference | Smith (1979): study US 1973 10-11 |
| Title | Happiness: Time Trends, Seasonal Variations, Intersurvey Differences, and Other Mysteries. |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, United States, 1973 |
| Reference | Smith (1979): study US 1973 11-12 |
| Title | Happiness: Time Trends, Seasonal Variations, Intersurvey Differences, and Other Mysteries. |
| Public | Adults, age range not reported, general public, United States, 1973 |
| Reference | Smith (1979): study US 1973 4-5 |
| Title | Happiness: Time Trends, Seasonal Variations, Intersurvey Differences, and Other Mysteries. |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, United States, 1973 |
| Reference | Smith (1979): study US 1973 5-6 |
| Title | Happiness: Time Trends, Seasonal Variations, Intersurvey Differences, and Other Mysteries. |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, United States, 1973 |
| Reference | Smith (1979): study US 1973 6-7 |
| Title | Happiness: Time Trends, Seasonal Variations, Intersurvey Differences, and Other Mysteries. |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, United States, 1973 |
| Reference | Smith (1979): study US 1973 7-8 |
| Title | Happiness: Time Trends, Seasonal Variations, Intersurvey Differences, and Other Mysteries. |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, United States, 1973 |
| Reference | Smith (1979): study US 1973 8-9 |
| Title | Happiness: Time Trends, Seasonal Variations, Intersurvey Differences, and Other Mysteries. |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, United States, 1973 |
| Reference | Smith (1979): study US 1973 9-10 |
| Title | Happiness: Time Trends, Seasonal Variations, Intersurvey Differences, and Other Mysteries. |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, United States, 1973 |
| Reference | Smith (1979): study US 1974 1 |
| Title | Happiness: Time Trends, Seasonal Variations, Intersurvey Differences, and Other Mysteries. |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, United States, 1974 |
| Reference | Smith (1979): study US 1974 2 |
| Title | Happiness: Time Trends, Seasonal Variations, Intersurvey Differences, and Other Mysteries. |
| Public | Adults, age range not reported, general public, United States, 1974 |
| Reference | Smith (1979): study US 1974 3-4 |
| Title | Happiness: Time Trends, Seasonal Variations, Intersurvey Differences, and Other Mysteries. |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, United States, 1974 |
| Reference | Smith (1979): study US 1974 5 |
| Title | Happiness: Time Trends, Seasonal Variations, Intersurvey Differences, and Other Mysteries. |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, United States, 1974 |
| Reference | Spanier & Furstenberg (1982): study US 1977 spring |
| Title | Remarriage after Divorce: A Longitudinal Analysis of Well-Being. |
| Public | Separated, followed 2 years, Pennsylvania, USA, 1977-79 |
| Reference | Stacey & Gatz (1991): study US 1971 |
| Title | Cross-Sectional Age Differences and Longitudinal Change on the Bradburn Affect Balance Scale. |
| Public | Three generations of family members, followed 14 years, USA, 1971-85 |
| Reference | Suh et al. (1998): study MULT 1990 |
| Title | The Shifting Basis of Life Satisfaction Judgments across Cultures: Emotions versus Norms. |
| Public | 16+ aged, general public, 43 nations 1990-93 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study AR 1991 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Argentina, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study AT 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Austria, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study BE 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Belgium, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study BR 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Brazil 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study BY 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Belarus, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study CA 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Canada, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study CH 1989 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Switzerland, 1999 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study CL 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Chile, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study CN 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+aged, general public, China, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study CZ 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Czechoslovakia, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study DE 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, West Germany, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study DE 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, East Germany, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study DK 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Denmark, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study EE 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Estonia, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study ES 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Spain, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study FI 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Finland, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study FR 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, France, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study GB 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Britain, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study GB Northern Ireland 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, North Ireland, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study HU 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Hungary, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study IE 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Ireland, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study IN 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, India, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study IS 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Iceland 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study IT 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Italy, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study JP 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Japan, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study LT 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Lithuania, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study LV 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Latvia, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study MX 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Mexico, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study NG 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study NL 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, The Netherlands, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study NO 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Norway, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study PL 1989 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Poland, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study PT 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Portugal, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study RO 1993 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Romania, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study RU 1991 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Russia, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study SE 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Sweden, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study SI 1992 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study TR 1991 1 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Turkey, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study US 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, USA, 1990 |
| Reference | Timmermans (1997): study ZA 1990 |
| Title | Correlates of Happiness in 42 Nations: Analysis of the World Values Study 1990 - 1991 |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, South Africa, 1990 |
| Reference | VanEe & VanDijk (2005): study ZZ Western nations 2004 spring |
| Title | The Influences on Happiness: A Research on Happiness among Students in Utrecht and St. Louis. |
| Public | University students, USA and The Netherlands, 2004 |
| Reference | Veenhoven & Verkuyten (1989): study NL 1986 |
| Title | The Well-Being of Only Children. |
| Public | Secondary school pupils, The Netherlands, 1986 |
| Reference | Veenhoven (2001): study MULTw 1990 |
| Title | Are the Russians as Unhappy as They Say They Are? Comparability of Self-Reports Across Nations. |
| Public | Adults, general public, 41 nations, 1990 |
| Reference | Yeo et al. (1987): study US 1979 |
| Title | Effects of Geriatric Clinic on Functional Health and Well-Being of Elders. |
| Public | 65+ aged, patients, ambulatory medical center, followed 18 mth, California, USA, 198? |
| Reference | ~CBS (1984): study NL 1980 |
| Title | De Leefsituatie van de Nederlandse Bevolking 1980, Kerncijfers.(Life Situation of the Dutch Population, 1980.) |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, The Netherlands, 1980 |
| Reference | ~CBS (1984): study NL 1980 |
| Title | De Leefsituatie van de Nederlandse Jeugd van 13-24 jaar in 1979. Deel 4.(Life Situation of the Dutch Youth of 13-24 in 1979, Vol. 4: An Analysis of Youth in One-Parent Families.) |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1980 |
| Reference | ~CBS (1984): study NL 1983 |
| Title | De Leefsituatie van de Nederlandse Bevolking 1980, Kerncijfers.(Life Situation of the Dutch Population, 1980.) |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1983 |
| Reference | ~CBS (1987): study NL 1986 |
| Title | De Leefsituatie van de Nederlandse Bevolking 1986, Kerncijfers.(Life Situation of the Dutch Population 1986.) |
| Public | 18+aged, general public, The Netherlands, 1986 |
| Reference | ~CBS (1987): study NL 1986 |
| Title | De Leefsituatie van de Nederlandse Bevolking 1986, Kerncijfers.(Life Situation of the Dutch Population 1986.) |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 1986 |
| Reference | ~World Values Survey (2011): study CH 1989 |
| Title | World Values Survey: Website |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Switzerland, 0 |
| Reference | ~World Values Survey (2011): study GB Northern Ireland 1990 |
| Title | World Values Survey: Website |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Northern Ireland region, United Kingdom, 1990 |
| Reference | ~World Values Survey (2011): study SK 1990 |
| Title | World Values Survey: Website |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 1999 |
| Reference | ~World Values Survey (2011): study XZ Czechoslovakia 1990 |
| Title | World Values Survey: Website |
| Public | 18+ aged, general public, Czechoslovakia (former), 1990 |